The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is set to undergo two significant changes that will impact beneficiaries across the United States. These changes involve the Cost of Living Adjustment (COLA) and new age limits for the Able-Bodied Adults Without Dependents (ABAWD) time limit.
These updates aim to reflect current economic conditions and ensure that SNAP continues to provide necessary support to those who need it most.
COLA Adjustments
The first major change to SNAP benefits is related to the Cost of Living Adjustment (COLA), which occurs annually. The COLA is designed to adjust SNAP benefits based on inflation and the rising cost of living. For many beneficiaries, this adjustment typically means an increase in their benefits, helping them keep up with higher prices for food and other essentials.
However, the COLA doesn’t always bring universally positive news. For instance, last year’s COLA resulted in a reduction of SNAP benefits for recipients in Hawaii, highlighting that these adjustments can vary significantly depending on the region.
This year, it is anticipated that there will be an increase in SNAP benefits in the 48 contiguous states and the District of Columbia. But the extent of this increase remains uncertain, and it may not be as substantial as some beneficiaries hope.
The new COLA will come into effect on October 1, 2024, meaning eligible recipients will see changes in their benefits starting from that date. The adjustments aim to ensure that SNAP benefits align with the current cost of living, but the impact will differ across various states.
ABAWD Age Limit Changes
Another crucial change involves the age limits for the Able-Bodied Adults Without Dependents (ABAWD) time limit within the SNAP program. Currently, this rule affects individuals aged 18-52, restricting their eligibility for SNAP benefits to just three months within a three-year period unless they meet specific work requirements. To qualify beyond this limit, beneficiaries must work at least 80 hours per month.
Starting October 1, 2024, the age limit for the ABAWD time limit will increase from 49 to 54. This means that more SNAP recipients, specifically those aged 53 and 54, will now be subject to these work requirements to continue receiving benefits. For many in this age group, this could mean a significant change in their eligibility and the amount of support they receive.
There are, however, several exemptions to this rule. Individuals who are unable to work due to a physical or mental limitation, pregnant, have a child under 18 in their household, or are veterans, among others, may be exempt from the ABAWD time limit.
Additionally, states have the authority to exempt certain vulnerable individuals, such as domestic violence survivors, through hardship exemptions. But it’s important to note that the recent debt ceiling agreement has reduced the percentage of these exemptions from 12% to 8%, limiting the number of people who can benefit from them.
State-Specific Impacts
The extent to which SNAP benefits are increased or reduced can vary significantly from state to state, influenced by several key factors:
Economic Conditions: A state’s economic health plays a major role in determining SNAP needs. In states with stronger economies, where jobs and wages are more plentiful, fewer people may rely on SNAP. Conversely, in states facing economic downturns, more residents may need assistance.
State Policies: States have some leeway in how they administer SNAP, including rules around eligibility, applications, and outreach. These variations can affect how many people participate in SNAP and the benefits they receive.
Household Demographics: States with larger average household sizes and lower income levels generally see higher SNAP participation rates and benefit amounts. These demographics are taken into account when calculating benefits.
Cost of Living: The cost of living, particularly food prices, is a significant factor. The USDA’s Thrifty Food Plan, which guides SNAP benefit amounts, adjusts for higher costs in areas like Alaska, Hawaii, and U.S. territories.
Federal Laws: Temporary federal measures, such as those introduced during economic crises like the Great Recession or the COVID-19 pandemic, can temporarily increase SNAP benefits and provide states with more flexibility. When these measures end, SNAP benefits and participation rates often decline.
With these upcoming changes, it’s important for SNAP recipients to stay informed and take any necessary steps to ensure they continue receiving the benefits they need.
The adjustments in the COLA and ABAWD age limits reflect broader economic trends and the evolving needs of the population, aiming to maintain the effectiveness of the SNAP program in supporting low-income individuals and families.
FAQs
When will the new SNAP changes take effect?
Both the COLA adjustment and ABAWD age limit changes will start on October 1, 2024.
How does COLA affect SNAP benefits?
COLA adjusts benefits based on inflation and cost of living, potentially increasing or decreasing them.
Who will be affected by the new ABAWD age limit?
The new limit will impact adults aged 53 and 54 who must meet work requirements to receive benefits.
What are the exemptions to the ABAWD time limit?
Exemptions include disabilities, pregnancy, having a child under 18, and veteran status.
How can state economic conditions influence SNAP benefits?
Better economic conditions can reduce the need for SNAP, while downturns increase reliance on the program.
